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<channel>
	<title>Sex Change MTF FTM SRS &#187; MTF Grants</title>
	<atom:link href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/category/mtf-grants/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://srsmiami.com/blog</link>
	<description>Conversation with Dr. Harold Reed of the Miami SRS Centre</description>
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		<title>MTF wants to keep testes in lower abdomen</title>
		<link>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/05/06/mtf-wants-to-keep-testes-in-lower-abdomen/</link>
		<comments>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/05/06/mtf-wants-to-keep-testes-in-lower-abdomen/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 May 2012 17:43:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dr_Reed</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[MTF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF Grants]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://srsmiami.com/blog/?p=938</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[May 6, 2012 Dear Dr. Reed, Is it possible to keep my testicle and hide it inside so i can ejaculate when i have orgasm ? Charlize &#160; May 6, 2012 Good morning Charlize, Thank you for your interest in what we do.  Your testes are designed to be 8 degrees cooler than core body [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><!--StartFragment -->May 6, 2012</p>
<p>Dear Dr. Reed,</p>
<p>Is it possible to keep my testicle and hide it inside so i can ejaculate when i have orgasm ?</p>
<p>Charlize</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>May 6, 2012</p>
<p>Good morning Charlize,</p>
<p>Thank you for your interest in what we do.  Your testes are designed to be 8 degrees cooler than core body temperature.  Enclosure within your body may increase the likelihood of malignant changes.  I would not advise this.  Additionally the testes only contribute 1% of the ejaculatory volume (some say 2 to 5 %, the rest is from the seminal vesicles 60% and the prostate 30% and Cowper&#8217;s glands.</p>
<p>Incidentally I recall see a video of an MTF having orgasm and ejaculate emanated from her urethra.  So you see, the testes were not needed for the effect.</p>
<p>After reading the attached, if you believe I am the doctor for you, please initiate a consultation over the phone with our office by sending us your name, address, and telephone number in an envelope along with a check for 250.  We&#8217;ll get started ASAP.  We&#8217;ll have a lot to talk about.   The grant should reduce your fees by about 10 to 20% from our typically affordable price.  Certain restrictions regarding age and medical history may apply.</p>
<p>Cordially,</p>
<p>Harold M. Reed<br />
1111 Kane Concourse, Suite # 311<br />
Bay Harbor Islands, Florida 33154<br />
305-865-2000</p>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/05/06/mtf-wants-to-keep-testes-in-lower-abdomen/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Sorry about an unpleasant moment, please reconsider</title>
		<link>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/04/29/sorry-about-an-unpleasant-moment-please-reconsider/</link>
		<comments>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/04/29/sorry-about-an-unpleasant-moment-please-reconsider/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 29 Apr 2012 14:20:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dr_Reed</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[MTF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF Grants]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vaginoplasty]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://srsmiami.com/blog/?p=922</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[April 29, 2012 Dear Harold, It&#8217;s been a while. Hope you are well and no doubt, very busy.  I hope you remember me, I&#8217;m that slightly rebellious lady that perhaps determination and over sensitivity caused you some irritation. I can in retrospect understand that. It&#8217;s been six years struggling to have completion and the frustration [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><!--StartFragment -->April 29, 2012<br />
Dear Harold,<br />
It&#8217;s been a while. Hope you are well and no doubt, very busy.  I hope you remember me, I&#8217;m that slightly rebellious lady that perhaps determination and over sensitivity caused you some irritation. I can in retrospect understand that. It&#8217;s been six years struggling to have completion and the frustration has at times been overwhelming. I&#8217;m now the subject of a documentary film and hence, have secured finance for my surgery. It is limited finance I can assure you and my general financial position is not so balanced. I live in a Housing Community organisation apartment. I have a son who needs my emotional and income support.</p>
<p>I would humbly ask if you would grant me your discount again so I can utilize your cutting edge MTF procedure.  It would offset travel and accommodation expenses and help me no end.  At last I can relax a little and proceed at a slower pace.  My computer has frozen five times in sending this mail so I&#8217;d better stop here.  I await your response with hope and thanks.<br />
Wendy</p>
<p>Good morning Wendy,</p>
<p>Honestly, I have no recollection at this time.</p>
<p>More importantly is that you are medically qualified for surgery, and that you have 2 current therapy letters of clearance, one of which is from a therapist with a doctoral degree.<br />
We have sent this letter out to all prospective patients in the past 6 months.  Perhaps we can help you as well&#8230;<br />
Thank you for your interest in what we do.<br />
After reading the attached, if you believe I am the doctor for you, please initiate a consultation over the phone with our office by sending us your name, address, and telephone number<br />
in an envelope along with a check for 250.  We&#8217;ll get started ASAP.  We&#8217;ll have a lot to talk about.<br />
This year we are re-vitalizing our Grant with a slogan similar to one a few years ago (&#8220;the first 10 in 2010&#8243;), now it is &#8220;the first 12 in 2012.&#8221;   This should reduce your fees<br />
by 10 to 20%, based upon need and availability of funds.<br />
So far 3 positions have been filled this month.<br />
Call the office and speak with Anne our amiable office manager for details.  She is the brains behind pa and the maker of deals.</p>
<p>Cordially,</p>
<p>Harold M. Reed<br />
1111 Kane Concourse, Suite # 311<br />
Bay Harbor Islands, Florida 33154<br />
305-865-2000</p>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/04/29/sorry-about-an-unpleasant-moment-please-reconsider/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Phalanthropist wants to reconfirm &#8220;the best we can do&#8221;</title>
		<link>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/04/29/phalanthropist-wants-to-reconfirm-the-best-we-can-do/</link>
		<comments>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/04/29/phalanthropist-wants-to-reconfirm-the-best-we-can-do/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 29 Apr 2012 14:14:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dr_Reed</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[2012 Promotion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF Grants]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vaginoplasty]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://srsmiami.com/blog/?p=916</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[April 29, 2012 Dear Dr. Reed, Allow me to introduce myself. My name is J. F. Scott and I have a few friends who have set up consultations with your office.   I know not to discuss names etc due to hippa laws,  But my question is a very close friend of mine will be discussing [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><!--StartFragment -->April 29, 2012</p>
<p>Dear Dr. Reed,</p>
<p>Allow me to introduce myself. My name is J. F. Scott and I have a few friends who have set up consultations with your office.   I know not to discuss names etc due to hippa laws,  But my question is a very close friend of mine will be discussing a male to female srs procedure.  My question is. I will be taking care of the cost via a cash  payment but need to know what the cost for the procedure is and approximate hospitalization costs if the procedure is done at your location.  If you can let me know I would greatly appreciate it.<br />
Thank you</p>
<p>J. F. Scott</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>April 28, 2012</p>
<p>Good morning Mr. Scott,<br />
Thank you for your very generous support.  We also known an unobtrusive woman fund for at least 5 patients out of kindness of her heart.  Imagine that.  This only confirms there is goodness in this world.</p>
<p>Our fees for surgery are posted on our web-site.  Consultation is 250.  Vaginoplasty is 14,500 and this includes surgery, anesthesia, use of the facility, an afternoon and night of RN private duty nursing care with myself in attendance throughout the night, and post-operative followup care.  For touch ups (typically 4 months later) we simply ask the patient to pay 600 for anesthesia only.</p>
<p>Stents (vaginal dilators) 500 are additional as are out of pocket expenses for compressive stockings, bed protectors &#8220;chucks&#8221;, and some medications (perhaps 130 total for that).  We can supply patients with clean stockings gratis if need be.  On the day after surgery, the patient is conveyed to one of 2 Hotels, the Baltic or Daddy O.  During the warmer months the rates are reduced to about 85 to 125 per day (could be less) .  Both hotels have breakfast spreads gratis.   There is no additional charge for 2 in a room.</p>
<p>Additionally all prospective patients for the past 6 months have received this letter&#8230;</p>
<p>Thank you for your interest in what we do.   After reading the attached, if you believe I am the doctor  for you, please initiate a consultation over the phone with our office by sending us your name, address, and telephone number  in an envelope along with a check for 250.  We&#8217;ll get started ASAP.  We&#8217;ll have a lot to talk about.</p>
<p>This year we are re-vitalizing our Grant with a slogan similar to one a few years ago (&#8220;the first 10 in 2010&#8243;), now it is  &#8220;the first 12 in 2012.&#8221;   This should reduce your fees by 10 to 20%, based upon need and availability of funds.   So far 3 positions have been filled this month.   Call the office and speak with Anne our amiable office  manager for details.</p>
<p>Cordially,</p>
<p>Harold M. Reed<br />
1111 Kane Concourse, Suite # 311<br />
Bay Harbor Islands, Florida 33154<br />
305-865-2000</p>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/04/29/phalanthropist-wants-to-reconfirm-the-best-we-can-do/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>MTF on hormones, how long before my scrotum shrinks?</title>
		<link>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/04/15/mtf-on-hormones-how-long-before-my-scrotum-shrinks/</link>
		<comments>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/04/15/mtf-on-hormones-how-long-before-my-scrotum-shrinks/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 15 Apr 2012 13:17:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dr_Reed</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Grant for MTF surgery]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF Grants]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vaginal depth]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://srsmiami.com/blog/?p=896</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[April 15, 2012 Dear Dr. Reed, How long do I have before scrotal tissue begins to shrink? What is done with the tissue afterward? Genevieve April 15, 2012 Good morning Genevieve, Thank you for your interest in what we do.  Sounds like you are well on your way. Scrotal tissue may not shrink appreciably at [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><!--StartFragment -->April 15, 2012<br />
Dear Dr. Reed,<br />
How long do I have before scrotal tissue begins to shrink? What is done with the tissue afterward?<br />
Genevieve</p>
<p>April 15, 2012</p>
<p>Good morning Genevieve,</p>
<p>Thank you for your interest in what we do.  Sounds like you are well on your way.</p>
<p>Scrotal tissue may not shrink appreciably at all, if you are thinking of a scrotal graft for more depth.  You could wait years and years.</p>
<p>Scrotal skin, the component used for graft stretches very well, so not to worry about that.</p>
<p>This December, 2011 we re-opened a Grant program with the slogan &#8220;the first 12 cases in 2012&#8243; (was formerly the first 10 in 2010), based upon need of course. 9 positions have already been taken.   After reading the attached, if you believe I am the doctor for you, please initiate a consultation over the phone with our office by sending us your name, address, and telephone number in an envelope along with a check for 250.  We&#8217;ll get started ASAP.  We&#8217;ll have a lot to talk about.</p>
<p>The grant should reduce your fees by about 10 to 20% from our typically affordable price.  Certain restrictions regarding age and medical history may apply.</p>
<p>Cordially and have a blessed Sunday.,</p>
<p>Harold M. Reed<br />
1111 Kane Concourse, Suite # 311<br />
Bay Harbor Islands, Florida 33154<br />
305-865-2000</p>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/04/15/mtf-on-hormones-how-long-before-my-scrotum-shrinks/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Any possible way for you Dr. Reed to pay for my surgery</title>
		<link>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/03/31/any-possible-way-for-you-dr-reed-to-pay-for-my-surgery/</link>
		<comments>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/03/31/any-possible-way-for-you-dr-reed-to-pay-for-my-surgery/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 31 Mar 2012 14:12:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dr_Reed</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Grant for MTF surgery]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF Grants]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://srsmiami.com/blog/?p=876</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[March 25, 2012 I hate to be pestering you, but I am unable to pay the $250.00 consultation fee to speak with you which is a bummer, since I really want to and I am currently unemployed at this time, so what do you propose I do about speaking with you on the phone, because [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><!--StartFragment -->March 25, 2012<br />
I hate to be pestering you, but I am unable to pay the $250.00 consultation fee to speak with you which is a bummer, since I really want to and I am currently unemployed at this time, so what do you propose I do about speaking with you on the phone, because I am in dire need of any financial assistance towards the GRS. <img src='http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' />   Madeleine</p>
<p>March 25, 2012<br />
Good morning Madeleine,<br />
Our policy is to help many with some reductions of fee based only on need, rather than underwrite the entire costs of any one individual as we receive letters requesting assistance every day.   Anticipate a 10% reduction in our already low fees, which are about 6000 lower than what others charge in the United States.  Again, only a few positions are open at this time.   We have noted 50% of our patients come in with a sponsor, could be a friend, spouse, significant other, business partner, relative, or church group.</p>
<p>Best wishes and have a restful Sunday,</p>
<p>Harold M. Reed, M.D.<br />
305-865-2000</p>
<p>Good morning Madeleine,</p>
<p>We are not a bank.  We have noted 50% of our patients come in with a sponsor, could be a significant other, spouse, family member, church group, business partner.   Think this way, about half of American women get married and never work for wages another day in their lives.    Learning how to support yourself is one of life&#8217;s most important lessons, because if you can do that, you are independent, and can look forward to owning a car, paying for an apartment and home, and perhaps someday even supporting someone else.</p>
<p>If the outstretched hands of every indigent person, seeking SRS surgery in the United States were touching each other finger tips to finger tips, without doubt the line would stretch clear across the United States.   Yes, we can help some but as described below.  Surely there are many doctors who do this surgery, and see what they say.</p>
<p>Best wishes,</p>
<p>Harold M. Reed, M.D.<br />
305-865-2000</p>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/03/31/any-possible-way-for-you-dr-reed-to-pay-for-my-surgery/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Good height weight conformation and sponsors for surgery go hand in hand</title>
		<link>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/03/04/good-height-weight-conformation-and-sponsors-for-surgery-go-hand-in-hand/</link>
		<comments>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/03/04/good-height-weight-conformation-and-sponsors-for-surgery-go-hand-in-hand/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 04 Mar 2012 13:23:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dr_Reed</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Grant for MTF surgery]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF Grants]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Weight concerns]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://srsmiami.com/blog/?p=869</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[February 25, 2012 Dear Dr Reed,                       Iam writing to let you know that i dont believe i will be able to afford this procedure even after i have lost weight when i qualify. i did math and even with the grant slot it would take me 15 years to come up with the down [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><!--StartFragment -->February 25, 2012</p>
<p>Dear Dr Reed,<br />
                      Iam writing to let you know that i dont believe i will be able to afford this procedure even after i have lost weight when i qualify. i did math and even with the grant slot it would take me 15 years to come up with the down payment. i only get 698.00 per month and recieve housing and such. iam unable to work due to mental health issues such as depression etc. i also have bad credit due to credit card debts so i dont qualify for a loan. i asked my grandparents if they would take out a loan for me as i have a PAYEE its someone who pays my bills. they arent willing because they dont accept my lifestyle. so i do want you to know that it felt really good for you to compliment me on my voice and u dont know me well.. i see u take great pleasure in making ppl lives happy.. And i just wanted to let you know that&#8230;&#8230;</p>
<p>                                                                              Sincerly,   Sheanna</p>
<p>February 25, 2012</p>
<p>Good morning Sheanna,</p>
<p>If you could only lose weight and present as a more attractive female, you will have sponsors galore.  Please look at normal weight for men of your height and women of your height and perhaps,you&#8217;ll set your goal somewhere in between.</p>
<p>50% of patients come in with a sponsor.  50% of women get married and never work another day in their life.  People just appreciate a loyal and loving companion</p>
<p>Your heart will also say &#8220;thank you.&#8221;</p>
<p>Cordially,</p>
<p>Harold M. Reed, M.D.<br />
305-865-2000</p>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/03/04/good-height-weight-conformation-and-sponsors-for-surgery-go-hand-in-hand/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Need Vaginoplasty and economic assistance (grant 2012)</title>
		<link>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/03/04/need-vaginoplasty-and-economic-assistance-grant-2012/</link>
		<comments>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/03/04/need-vaginoplasty-and-economic-assistance-grant-2012/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 04 Mar 2012 13:18:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dr_Reed</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Feminizing vaginoplasty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Grant for MTF surgery]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF Grants]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vaginoplasty]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://srsmiami.com/blog/?p=867</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[February 21, 2012 Dear Dr. Reed, yes i have been on hormones for 12 years. iam 30 and also have met the standards of care but $$$ is a problem as iam on social security. would like to see about payment arranments and neg a down payment&#8230; without this i will continue to suffer mentally [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><!--StartFragment -->February 21, 2012</p>
<p>Dear Dr. Reed,</p>
<p>yes i have been on hormones for 12 years. iam 30 and also have met the standards of care but $$$ is a problem as iam on social security. would like to see about payment arranments<br />
and neg a down payment&#8230; without this i will continue to suffer mentally please help me. thanks<br />
Specific_Questions: i need help with the cost&#8230; i spoke with u a few years ago i believe u may have some documents but u gave me a price of 8500 however i havent been able to come with it all at<br />
once. however iam on social security and have a payee so money is guaranteed. also i could do a down payment of maybe 1000.00   Sheanna Palter<br />
HEAR: transgender community</p>
<p>February 21, 2012</p>
<p>Good afternoon Sheanna,</p>
<p>The consultation and surgery and just 2 of the many expenses you will have.</p>
<p>Allow about 1700 additional for the hotel room, medications and supplies, vaginal dilators and perhaps a return trip for a touch up 4 months or so later.</p>
<p>Please consider enlisting the support of a sponsor.  Anne quoted you 12,500 meaning you just got a 2000 discount.  This is Sheanna Palter country here and we want to do well by you.</p>
<p>Harold M. Reed, M.D.<br />
305-865-2000</p>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/03/04/need-vaginoplasty-and-economic-assistance-grant-2012/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Patient with Ehlers Danlos Syndrome, cutaneous (collagen) laxity, would like MTF vaginoplasty</title>
		<link>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/01/14/ehlers-danlos-syndrome-cutaneous-collagen-laxity-would-like-mtf-vaginoplasty/</link>
		<comments>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2012/01/14/ehlers-danlos-syndrome-cutaneous-collagen-laxity-would-like-mtf-vaginoplasty/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 14 Jan 2012 15:43:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dr_Reed</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ehlers Danlos Syndrome]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF Grants]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vaginoplasty]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://srsmiami.com/blog/?p=841</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[January 13, 2012 I have been on estrogen and progesterone for 6 years. only that far into transition due to finances Specific_Questions: I have Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and worried i cant get grs due to skin. Also wondering about grants im on disability and prolly will never see my change unless a miracle happens. Jennifer January [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><!--StartFragment --></p>
<div><sup><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><sup>January 13, 2012</p>
<p>I have been on estrogen and progesterone for 6 years. only that far into transition due to finances<br />
Specific_Questions: I have Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and worried i cant get grs due to skin. Also wondering about grants im on disability and prolly will never see my change unless a miracle happens.</p>
<p>Jennifer</p>
<p>January 13, 2012</p>
<p>Good morning Jennifer</p>
<p>Not familiar with Ehlers-Danlos, but your inquiry sent me scurrying to Wikipedia.  Am especially concerned about insensitivity to local anesthetics and problems with platelet aggregation, very serious for major surgery.   You undoubtedly know a lot more about this.<br />
 <br />
Affects 1/5000 births and the severity symptoms and exact type varies widely.</p>
<p>Ideally you should be done in a hospital environment, and we only work at our outpatient center appended to our office.</p>
<p>Other than occasional promotions (vide infra) we cannot subsidize surgery like perhaps a University or state could.</p>
<p>This December, 2011 we re-opened a Grant program with the slogan  &#8220;the first 12 cases in 2012&#8243; (was formerly the first 10 in 2010), based upon need of course.  5 positions have already been taken.</p>
<p>After reading the attached, if you believe I am the doctor for you, please initiate a consultation over the phone with our office by sending us your name, address, and telephone number in an envelope along with a check for 250.  We&#8217;ll get started ASAP.  We&#8217;ll have a lot to talk about.</p>
<p>The grant should reduce your fees by about 10 to 20% from our typically affordable price.  Certain restrictions regarding age and medical history may apply.</p>
<p>Cordially,</p>
<p>Harold M. Reed<br />
1111 Kane Concourse, Suite # 311<br />
Bay Harbor Islands, Florida 33154<br />
305-865-2000<br />
</sup></span></span></sup><sup><strong>Ehlers?Danlos syndrome</strong> (<strong>EDS</strong>) (also known as &#8220;Cutis hyperelastica&#8221;<a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-Andrews-0"><sup>[1]</sup>) is a group of </a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Heredity">inherited</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Connective_tissue">connective tissue</a> disorders, caused by a defect in the synthesis of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Collagen">collagen</a> (Type I or III). The collagen in connective tissue helps tissues to resist deformation. In the skin, muscles, ligaments, blood vessels and visceral organs, collagen plays a very significant role and with increased elasticity, secondary to abnormal collagen, pathology results. Depending on the individual <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Mutation">mutation</a>, the severity of the syndrome can vary from mild to life-threatening. There is no cure, and treatment is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Supportive_treatment">supportive</a>, including close monitoring of the digestive, excretory and particularly the cardiovascular systems. Corrective surgery may help with the frequent injuries that may develop in certain types of EDS, although the condition means that extra caution is advised and special practices observed.</sup></div>
<div><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-1"><sup>[2]</sup></a></div>
<p><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-1">The syndrome is named after two doctors, </a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Edvard_Ehlers">Edvard Ehlers</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Denmark">Denmark</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Henri-Alexandre_Danlos">Henri-Alexandre Danlos</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/France">France</a>, who identified it at the turn of the 20th century.</p>
<div><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-2"><sup>[3]</sup></a></div>
<div><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-2"> </a></div>
<p><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-2"> </p>
<p></a> </p>
<h2><strong>Contents</strong></h2>
<p> [<a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#">hide</a>]</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#Classification">1 Classification</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#Other_types">1.1 Other types</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#Signs_and_symptoms">2 Signs and symptoms</a></li>
<li><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#Genetics">3 Genetics</a></li>
<li><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#Diagnosis">4 Diagnosis</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#Differential_diagnosis">4.1 Differential diagnosis</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#Management">5 Management</a></li>
<li><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#Prognosis">6 Prognosis</a></li>
<li><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#Epidemiology">7 Epidemiology</a></li>
<li><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#Society_and_culture">8 Society and culture</a></li>
<li><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#In_other_animals">9 In other animals</a></li>
<li><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#See_also">10 See also</a></li>
<li><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#References">11 References</a></li>
<li><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#External_links">12 External links</a></li>
</ul>
<h2><strong>[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/index.php?title=Ehlers%E2%80%93Danlos_syndrome&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1">edit</a>] Classification</strong></h2>
<p><strong> </strong><em> </em><em> </em><em> </em><em> </em><em> </em><em> </em><em> </em><em> </em><em> </em></p>
<p>In the past, there were more than 10 recognized types of Ehlers?Danlos syndrome. In 1997, researchers proposed a simpler classification that reduced the number of major types to six and gave them descriptive names.<a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-3"><sup>[4]</sup> These six major types are listed here. Other types of the condition may exist, but they have been reported only in single families or are not well characterized. Except for hypermobility, the specific </a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Mutation">mutations</a> involved have been identified and they can be precisely identified by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Genetic_testing">genetic testing</a>; this is valuable due to a great deal of variation in individual presentation of symptoms which may confuse classification of individuals on purely symptomatic basis. In order of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Prevalence">prevalence</a> in the population, they are:<br />
<strong>Name</strong> <strong>Number</strong> <strong>Description</strong> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/OMIM"><strong>OMIM</strong> <strong>Gene(s)<br />
</strong>Hypermobility type 3 Affects 1 in 10,000 to 15,000 and is caused by an </a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Autosomal_dominant">autosomal dominant</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Autosomal_recessive">autosomal recessive</a> mechanism. Mutations in either of two separate genes (which are also involved in <strong>Vascular EDS</strong> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Tenascin-X">Tenascin-X</a> deficiency EDS, respectively) may lead to this variant. Extreme hypermobility is the hallmark of this type. <a href="http://omim.org/entry/130020">130020</a> <a href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=COL3A1"><em>COL3A1</em>, </a><a href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=TNXB"><em>TNXB<br />
</em>Classical types 1 &amp; 2 Affects approximately 1 in 20,000 to 50,000 people. It is caused by autosomal dominant mechanism and affects </a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Type-V_collagen">type-V collagen</a>, as well as type I. Type 1 typically presents with severe skin involvement, and type 2 presents with mild to moderate skin involvement. <a href="http://omim.org/entry/130000">130000</a>, <a href="http://omim.org/entry/130010">130010</a> <a href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=COL5A1"><em>COL5A1</em>, </a><a href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=COL5A2"><em>COL5A2</em>, </a><a href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=COL1A1"><em>COL1A1<br />
</em>Vascular type 4 Is an autosomal dominant defect in the </a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Type-III_collagen">type-III collagen</a> synthesis; affecting approximately 1 in 100,000 to 250,000 people. The vascular type is considered one of the more serious forms of Ehlers?Danlos syndrome because blood vessels and organs are more prone to tearing (rupture). Many patients with EDS type 4 express a characteristic facial appearance (large eyes, small chin, thin nose and lips, lobeless ears), have a small stature with a slim build, and typically have thin, pale, translucent skin (veins can usually be seen on the chest and abdomen). About one in four people with vascular type EDS develop a significant health problem by age 20 and more than 80 percent develop life-threatening complications by age 40. <a href="http://omim.org/entry/130050">130050</a> <a href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=COL3A1"><em>COL3A1<br />
</em>Kyphoscoliosis type 6 Is an autosomal recessive defect due to deficiency of an </a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Enzyme">enzyme</a> called <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Lysyl_hydroxylase">lysyl hydroxylase</a>; it is very rare, with fewer than 60 cases reported. The kyphoscoliosis type is characterised by progressive curvature of the spine (scoliosis), fragile eyes, and severe muscle weakness. <a href="http://omim.org/entry/225400">225400</a>, <a href="http://omim.org/entry/229200">229200</a> <a href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=PLOD1"><em>PLOD1<br />
</em>Arthrochalasis types 7A &amp; B Is also very rare, with about 30 cases reported. It affects </a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Type-I_collagen">type-I collagen</a>. The arthrochalasia type is characterised by very loose joints and dislocations involving both hips. <a href="http://omim.org/entry/130060">130060</a> <a href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=COL1A1"><em>COL1A1</em>, </a><a href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=COL1A2"><em>COL1A2<br />
</em>Dermatosparaxis type 7C Also very rare, with about 10 cases reported. The dermatosparaxis type is characterised by extremely fragile and sagging skin. </a><a href="http://omim.org/entry/225410">225410</a></p>
<div><a href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=ADAMTS2"><em>ADAMTS2</em></a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=ADAMTS2"><em> </em></a></div>
<p><a href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=ADAMTS2"><em> </p>
<p></em></a></p>
<p><em> </em></p>
<h3><strong>[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/index.php?title=Ehlers%E2%80%93Danlos_syndrome&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2">edit</a>] Other types</strong></h3>
<p>Although the above classifications are well defined, it is rare for a case to fit neatly in a single category, and cross-over symptoms lead to under-diagnosis or mis-diagnosis. So patients should not rely on the &#8220;fact&#8221; of having a certain type of EDS if cross-over symptoms are evident and might be life-threatening.</p>
<p>&#8220;The large number of distinct types of the Ehlers?Danlos syndrome that have already been identified indicates great heterogeneity, but clearly that heterogeneity is not exhausted by the present classification.&#8221; <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=130090">[1]</a> Forms of EDS within this category may present with soft, mildly stretchable skin, shortened bones, chronic diarrhea, joint hypermobility and dislocation, bladder rupture, or poor wound healing. Inheritance patterns within this group include X-linked recessive, autosomal dominant, and autosomal recessive. Examples of types of related syndromes other than those above reported in the medical literature include:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://omim.org/entry/305200">305200</a> ? Type 5</li>
<li><a href="http://omim.org/entry/130080">130080</a> ? Type 8 &#8211; unspecified gene, locus 12p13</li>
<li><a href="http://omim.org/entry/225310">225310</a> ? Type 10 &#8211; unspecified gene, locus 2q34</li>
<li><a href="http://omim.org/entry/608763">608763</a> ? Beasley-Cohen type</li>
<li><a href="http://omim.org/entry/130070">130070</a> ? Progeroid form &#8211; <a href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=B4GALT7"><em>B4GALT7</em> </a></li>
<li><a href="http://omim.org/entry/606408">606408</a> ? Due to Tenascin-X deficiency &#8211; <a href="http://www.genenames.org/data/hgnc_data.php?match=TNXB"><em>TNXB</em> </a></li>
<li><a href="http://omim.org/entry/130090">130090</a> ? Type unspecified</li>
</ul>
<h2><strong>[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/index.php?title=Ehlers%E2%80%93Danlos_syndrome&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3">edit</a>] Signs and symptoms</strong></h2>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/File:Ehlers-Danlos_thumb.jpg"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Ehlers-Danlos_thumb.jpg/200px-Ehlers-Danlos_thumb.jpg" alt="[]" width="200" height="150" /></a></p>
<p> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/File:Ehlers-Danlos_syndrome2.jpg"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Ehlers-Danlos_syndrome2.jpg/200px-Ehlers-Danlos_syndrome2.jpg" alt="[]" width="200" height="150" /></a><br />
Individual with EDS displaying <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Hypermobility">hypermobile joints</a>.<br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/File:Ehlers-Danlos_syndrome4.jpg"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ehlers-Danlos_syndrome4.jpg/220px-Ehlers-Danlos_syndrome4.jpg" alt="[]" width="220" height="199" /></a> <br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/File:Ehlers-Danlos_syndrome4.jpg"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.18/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="[]" width="15" height="11" /></a><br />
Individual with EDS displaying skin hyperelasticity</p>
<p>Signs vary widely based on which type of EDS the patient has. In each case, however, the signs are ultimately due to faulty or reduced amounts of collagen. EDS most typically affects the joints, skin, and blood vessels, the major signs and symptoms include:</p>
<ul>
<li>Loose, unstable joints that are prone to: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Sprain">sprain</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Dislocation">dislocation</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Subluxation">subluxation</a> (partial dislocation) and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Hyperextension">hyperextension</a> (double jointedness) <a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-4"><sup>[5]</sup> </a></li>
<li>Early onset of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Osteoarthritis">osteoarthritis</a></li>
<li>Easy bruising</li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Dysautonomia">Dysautonomia</a> typically accompanied by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Valvular_heart_disease">Valvular heart disease</a> (such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Mitral_valve_prolapse">mitral valve prolapse</a>, which creates an increased risk for infective <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Endocarditis">endocarditis</a> during surgery, as well as possibly progressing to a life-threatening degree of severity of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Mitral_valve_prolapse#Prognosis">prognosis of mitral valve prolapse</a>) <a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-5"><sup>[6]</sup> </a></li>
<li>Chronic fatigue</li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Flat_feet">Flat feet</a></li>
<li>High and narrow <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Palate">palate</a>, resulting in dental crowding</li>
<li>Vulnerability to chest and sinus infections</li>
<li>Fragile blood vessels resulting from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Cystic_medial_necrosis">cystic medial necrosis</a> with tendency towards <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Aneurysm">aneurysm</a> (even <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Abdominal_aortic_aneurysm">abdominal aortic aneurysm</a>)</li>
<li>Velvety-smooth skin which may be stretchy, is often translucent, and can contribute to underestimations of chronological age</li>
<li>Abnormal wound healing and scar formation</li>
<li>Low muscle tone and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Muscle_weakness">muscle weakness</a></li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Myalgia">Myalgia</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Arthralgia">arthralgia</a><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-6"><sup>[7]</sup> </a></li>
</ul>
<p>Other, less common signs and complications may include:</p>
<ul>
<li>Headaches caused by an acquired <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Arnold-Chiari_malformation">Arnold-Chiari malformation</a> (brain disorder)<a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-7"><sup>[8]</sup> </a></li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Osteopenia">Osteopenia</a> (low bone density)</li>
<li>Talipes equinovarus (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Club_foot">club foot</a>), especially in the Vascular type</li>
<li>Deformities of the spine, such as: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Scoliosis">Scoliosis</a> (curvature of the spine), <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Kyphosis">Kyphosis</a> (a thoracic hump), <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Tethered_spinal_cord_syndrome">Tethered spinal cord syndrome</a>, Occipitoatlantoaxial hypermobility<a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-8"><sup>[9]</sup> </a></li>
<li>Functional bowel disorders (functional <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Gastritis">gastritis</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Irritable_bowel_syndrome">irritable bowel syndrome</a>)</li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Gastroparesis">Gastroparesis</a></li>
<li>Dental issues, including early-onset <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Periodontitis">periodontitis</a></li>
<li>Nerve compression disorders (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Carpal_tunnel_syndrome">carpal tunnel syndrome</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Acroparesthesia">acroparesthesia</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Neuropathy">neuropathy</a>) <a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-9"><sup>[10]</sup> </a></li>
<li>Vascular skin conditions: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Raynaud%27s_phenomenon">Raynaud&#8217;s phenomenon</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Livedo_reticularis">Livedo reticularis</a></li>
<li>Blue sclera</li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Swan_neck_deformity">Swan neck deformity</a> of the fingers <a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-10"><sup>[11]</sup> </a></li>
<li>Insensitivity to local anesthetics.<a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-Laboratory_for_Experimental_Pain_Research-11"><sup>[12]</sup> </a></li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Premature_rupture_of_membranes">Premature rupture of membranes</a> during pregnancy <a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-12"><sup>[13]</sup> </a></li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Platelet_aggregation">Platelet aggregation</a> failure (platelets do not clump together properly) <a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-13"><sup>[14]</sup> </a></li>
<li>Weak muscle tone (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Hypotonia">hypotonia</a>) in infancy, which can delay the development of motor skills such as sitting, standing, and walking</li>
<li>Arterial/intestinal/uterine fragility or rupture</li>
</ul>
<p> <br />
Because it is often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed in childhood, some instances of Ehlers?Danlos syndrome have been mischaracterized as child abuse.</p>
<div><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-14"><sup>[15]</sup> The pain associated with this condition is a serious complication.</a></div>
<div><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-14"> </a></div>
<p><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-14"> </p>
<p></a></p>
<h2><strong>[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/index.php?title=Ehlers%E2%80%93Danlos_syndrome&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4">edit</a>] Genetics</strong></h2>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Mutation">Mutations</a> in the following can cause Ehlers?Danlos syndrome:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Fibrous_protein">Fibrous proteins</a>: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/COL1A1">COL1A1</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/COL1A2">COL1A2</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/COL3A1">COL3A1</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/COL5A1">COL5A1</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/COL5A2">COL5A2</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/TNXB">TNXB</a></li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Enzyme">Enzymes</a>: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/ADAMTS2">ADAMTS2</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/PLOD1">PLOD1</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Mutations in these genes usually alter the structure, production, or processing of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Collagen">collagen</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Protein">proteins</a> that interact with collagen. Collagen provides structure and strength to connective tissue throughout the body. A defect in collagen can weaken connective tissue in the skin, bones, blood vessels, and organs, resulting in the features of the disorder.</p>
<p>Inheritance patterns depend on the type of Ehlers?Danlos syndrome. Most forms of the condition are inherited in an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Autosomal_dominant">autosomal dominant</a> pattern, which means only one of the two copies of the gene in question must be altered to cause the disorder. The minority are inherited in an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Autosomal_recessive">autosomal recessive</a> pattern, which means both copies of the gene must be altered for a person to be affected by the condition. It can also be an individual (de novo or &#8220;sporadic&#8221;) <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Mutation">mutation</a>. Please refer to the summary for each type of Ehlers?Danlos syndrome for a discussion of its inheritance pattern.</p>
<h2><strong>[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/index.php?title=Ehlers%E2%80%93Danlos_syndrome&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5">edit</a>] Diagnosis</strong></h2>
<p>A diagnosis can be made by clinical observation. Both DNA and biochemical studies can be used to help identify affected individuals. In some cases, a skin biopsy has been found to be useful in confirming a diagnosis. Unfortunately, these tests are not sensitive enough to identify all individuals with EDS. If there are multiple affected individuals in a family, it may be possible to perform prenatal diagnosis using a DNA information technique known as a linkage study.</p>
<h3><strong>[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/index.php?title=Ehlers%E2%80%93Danlos_syndrome&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6">edit</a>] Differential diagnosis</strong></h3>
<div><sup>There are several disorders that have some of the characteristics of Ehlers?Danlos syndrome. For example, in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Cutis_laxa">cutis laxa</a> the skin is loose, hanging, and wrinkled. In EDS, the skin can be pulled away from the body but is elastic and returns to normal when let go. In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Marfan_syndrome">Marfan syndrome</a>, the joints are very mobile and similar cardiovascular complications occur. In the past, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Menkes_disease">Menkes disease</a>, a copper metabolism disorder, was thought to be a form of Ehlers?Danlos syndrome. Because of these similar disorders, a correct diagnosis is very important.<a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-15"><sup>[16]</sup></a></sup></div>
<div><sup><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-15"> </a></sup></div>
<p><sup><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-15"> </p>
<p></a> </p>
<p></sup></p>
<h2><strong>[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/index.php?title=Ehlers%E2%80%93Danlos_syndrome&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7">edit</a>] Management</strong></h2>
<p> </p>
<p>There is no cure for Ehlers Danlos Syndrome. The treatment is supportive. Close monitoring of the cardiovascular system, physical therapy, occupational therapy, and orthopedic instruments (e.g., wheelchairs, bracing) may be helpful. One should avoid activities that cause the joint to lock or overextend.</p>
<p>A physician may prescribe bracing to stabilize joints. Surgical repair of joints may be necessary at some time. Physicians may also consult a physical and/or occupational therapist to help strengthen muscles and to teach people how to properly use and preserve their joints. To decrease bruising and improve wound healing, some patients have responded to ascorbic acid (vitamin C).</p>
<div><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-16"><sup>[17]</sup></a></div>
<div><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-16">In general, medical intervention is limited to symptomatic therapy. Prior to pregnancy, patients with EDS should have genetic counseling. Children with EDS should be provided with information about the disorder, so they can understand why contact sports and certain other physically stressful activities should be avoided. Children should be taught early on that demonstrating the unusual positions they can maintain due to loose joints should not be done as this may cause early degeneration of the joints. Family members, teachers and friends should be provided with information about EDS so they can accept and assist the child as necessary.</a></div>
<p><a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-16"> </p>
<p></a></p>
<h2><strong>[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/index.php?title=Ehlers%E2%80%93Danlos_syndrome&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8">edit</a>] Prognosis</strong></h2>
<p>The outlook for individuals with EDS depends on the type of EDS with which they have been diagnosed. Symptoms vary in severity, even within one sub-type, and the frequency of complications changes on an individual basis. Some individuals have negligible symptoms while others are severely restricted in their daily life. Extreme joint instability, pain, and spinal deformities may limit a person&#8217;s mobility. Most individuals will have a normal lifespan. However, those with blood vessel involvement have an increased risk of fatal complications.</p>
<p>EDS is a lifelong condition. Affected individuals may face social obstacles related to their disease on a daily basis. Some people with EDS have reported living with fears of significant and painful ruptures, their condition worsening, becoming unemployed due to physical and emotional burdens, and social stigmatization in general.</p>
<h2><strong>[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//w/index.php?title=Ehlers%E2%80%93Danlos_syndrome&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9">edit</a>] Epidemiology</strong></h2>
<p> </p>
<p>Ehlers?Danlos syndrome is an inherited disorder estimated to occur in about 1 in 5000 births worldwide. Initially, prevalence estimates ranged from 1 in 250,000 to 1 in 500,000 people, but these estimates were soon found to be vastly inaccurate as the disorder received further study and medical professionals became more adept at accurately diagnosing EDS. In fact, many experts now believe that Ehlers?Danlos syndrome may be far more common than the currently accepted estimate due to the wide range of severities in which the disorder presents.<a href="http://srsmiami.com/blog/wp-admin/post-new.php#cite_note-17"><sup>[18]</sup> However, the prevalence of the six types differs dramatically. The most commonly occurring type is the hypermobility type, followed by the classical type. The other types of Ehlers?Danlos syndrome are very rare. For example, fewer than 10 infants and children with the </a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//wiki/Dermatosparaxis">dermatosparaxis</a> type have been described worldwide. Ehlers?Danlos affects both males and females of all racial and ethnic backgrounds, although some types are more common among certain groups than others.</p>
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		<title>MTF patient seeks Grant for 2012, will lose weight, needs financial assist</title>
		<link>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2011/12/29/822/</link>
		<comments>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2011/12/29/822/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 29 Dec 2011 14:31:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dr_Reed</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[MTF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF Grants]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vaginoplasty]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://srsmiami.com/blog/?p=822</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#8212; In MTF-SRS-FTM@yahoogroups.com, &#8220;meljo51&#8243; &#60;mellanie462004@&#8230;&#62; wrote: I would like to be considered for the 12 in 2012 grant program. I have been transitioning now for over eight years. I&#8217;ve also been trying to loose weight. Current weight is 230 right now. However, things are changing and I should be down to about 140 by spring. [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8212; In <a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/MTF-SRS-FTM/message//group/MTF-SRS-FTM/post?postID=3j9W9vTMO0rcZWkQvS8GuyPJlF7izI2YFX2oG72HafqEQoi0vnOHrH1xY0K7CrSJUwS9cBKE0Qv41DihuHcLkwMJ">MTF-SRS-FTM@yahoogroups.com</a>, &#8220;meljo51&#8243; &lt;mellanie462004@&#8230;&gt; wrote:</p>
<p>I would like to be considered for the 12 in 2012 grant program. I have been transitioning now for over eight years. I&#8217;ve also been trying to loose weight.<br />
Current weight is 230 right now. However, things are changing and I should be down to about 140 by spring.</p>
<p>Let me know the particulars and what I have to do on this end.</p>
<p>Thank You</p>
<p>Mellanie</p>
<p>Hi Mellanie,</p>
<p>Thank you for your interest in what we do. </p>
<p>This year we are re-vitalizing our Grant with a slogan similar to one a few years ago (&#8220;the first 10 in 2010&#8243;), now it is &#8220;the first 12 in 2012.&#8221;</p>
<p>So far 5 positions have been filled this month.</p>
<p>Call the office and speak with Anne our amiable office manager for details. We re-open on Tuesday, January 3rd.</p>
<p>Be assured I will send you more information and a reprint of a very comprehensive article that was published a few months ago in Seminars in Plastic Surgery.</p>
<p>Happy and Healthy New Year to you and your loved ones,</p>
<p>Harold M. Reed<br />
1111 Kane Concourse, Suite # 311<br />
Bay Harbor Islands, Florida 33154<br />
305-865-2000</p>
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		<title>Looking for depth and savings, of course</title>
		<link>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2011/12/10/looking-for-depth-and-savings-of-course/</link>
		<comments>http://srsmiami.com/blog/2011/12/10/looking-for-depth-and-savings-of-course/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 10 Dec 2011 15:38:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dr_Reed</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[MTF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MTF Grants]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vaginal depth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vaginoplasty]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://srsmiami.com/blog/?p=807</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[December 10, 2011 Dear Dr. Reed, I have been on hormones for 8.5 years . My journey is almost complete as I am seeking sexual reassignment surgery to complete my conversion into a female. Specific_Questions: I want to know how much generally is the cost for total SRS with DR. Reed. How much generally will [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>December 10, 2011</p>
<p>Dear Dr. Reed,</p>
<p>I have been on hormones for 8.5 years . My journey is almost complete as I am seeking sexual reassignment surgery to complete my conversion into a female.<br />
Specific_Questions: I want to know how much generally is the cost for total SRS with DR. Reed. How much generally will a patient have to spend for expenses during the trip to Miami for SRS. Also, I have a 5.5 penis when erect; how long deep should i expect my vagina cavity to be?<br />
HEAR: Internet research.  Erin</p>
<p>Decemeber 10, 2011</p>
<p>Good morning Erin,</p>
<p>Thank you for your interest in what we do.  Sounds like you are well on your way.   Our fees are posted on our web-site/  Allow 500 for stents, about 115 for medical supplies such as oral medications, disposable bed protectors, a ring pillow, inexpensive housecoat, 500 plus for motel costs, 120 for food (our hotels have free breakfast spreads).   The rest is travel and ground transportation (shuttle service is more economical than a cab).</p>
<p>Big picture: if you have surgery with us you&#8217;ll probably reduce your overall expenses by several thousand dollars in that we own our facility outright.</p>
<p>With scrotal extension which we perform on 80% of our patients (gratis) you can expect a depth of 5 to 6 inches initially and more with dilation.   Keep in mind, true for all MTF patients, despite your stretched penile shaft skin length, you will lose 2 inches just going under the pubic symphysis.  However with the graft you more than recover this.</p>
<p>This December, 2011 we re-opened a Grant program with the slogan &#8220;the first 12 cases in 2012&#8243; (was formerly the first 10 in 2010), based upon need of course.</p>
<p>After reading the attached, if you believe I am the doctor for you, please initiate a consultation over the phone with our office by sending us your name, address, and telephone number in an envelope along with a check for 250.  We&#8217;ll get started ASAP.  We&#8217;ll have a lot to talk about.</p>
<p>The grant should reduce your fees by about 20% from our typically affordable price.  Certain restrictions regarding age and medical history may apply.</p>
<p>Cordially,</p>
<p>Harold M. Reed<br />
1111 Kane Concourse, Suite # 311<br />
Bay Harbor Islands, Florida 33154<br />
305-865-2000</p>
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